Vis kilden til Rolling stock/Supplementary information and regulations

__NUMBEREDHEADINGS__
= General documentation =

'''Object'''

The object of 590 ”Supplementary information and regulations” is to give a description of the infrastructure necessary for adequate use of rolling stock. It is primarily a descriptive document. However, the railway system is a combination of infrastructure, rolling stock and traffic control. In certain areas it is necessary to specify requirements for rolling stock and documentation in order to obtain interoperability between these subsystems.
The primary users of the a the document are those who specify, design, construct, operate and maintain rolling stock.


'''Scope''' 

'''What 590 “Supplementary information and regulations” contains''' 

This document (590) is written as a supplement to (and should be read together with) the “Regulation 21 Jun 2012 no. 663 on requirements for rolling stock on the railway network” (Kjøretøyforskriften), which are available on web site of the Norwegian Railway Authority (SJT):http://www.sjt.no/no/Lover-og-forskrifter/. 590 has the same chapters as the appendix of Kjøretøyforskriften and these chapters are the same as the parameter list in the commission decision of 30 Nov 2009 on the reference document referred to in Article 27(4) of Directive 2008/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the interoperability of the rail system within the Community (2009/965/EC)).

Bane NOR has internal regulations for design, construction and maintenance of the railway network (500-series). 590 is mainly based on the other parts of the 500-series. However, it considers also the actual characteristics of the infrastructure, which is not in all cases  complies with current regulations. The reason is that the infrastructure is developed over a long period of time and according to previous standards.

590 gives some references to the other 500-series, which is a comprehensive regulation. It is not expected that the users must have knowledge of all this. It is sufficient to refer to this document and the relevant references that are given here.

'''What this document does not contain''' 

This document does not give a complete description of the requirements that apply to rolling stock that may be operated on the State Railways. In this connection reference is made to the “Kjøretøyforskriften. 

The document does not give a description of possible requirement for rolling stock related to the Traffic Regulations of the State Railways. In this respect reference is made to the “Regulation 29 Feb 2008 no. 240 on requirements traffic operation on the State Railways and connected private tracks” (Togframføringsforskriften). Those areas related to the traffic control system which is part of infrastructure and have to be technically compatible with rolling stock is described in this document (i.e. train radio, ATC and track circuits).

The Norwegian Railway Authority is responsible for approving use of rolling stock and this document does not describe necessary process and documentation for the application. 

'''Network Statement''' 

In some areas, reference is made to “Network Statement”. It is a document issued by Bane NOR. With reference to EU-Directive 2001/14 on “Allocation of Railway Infrastructure Capacity…”, paragraph 3, Infrastructure Manager shall issue a Statement of the capacity offered. The users of Network Statement are primarily Railway Undertakings (RU) who operate or plan to operate on the State Railway Network. In “Network Statement” chapter 3, there is a description of the infrastructure related to what is essential for planning and traffic operations. In areas where 590 “Supplementary information and regulations” and “Network Statement” have the same information, it is in this document referred to “Network Statement”. In particular, “Network Statement” contains more detailed information on characteristics of railway lines. “Network Statement” is issued each year in December and relates to the year after the first following. (NS 2010 was issued Dec 2008). Network statement is available here: [http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php]

'''Enquiries to Bane NOR''' 

Bane NOR may carry out or give assistance to compatibility assessments or test runs necessary in order to apply for permission to use of rolling stock. Please observe that testruns normally must be prepared several weeks in andvance.

Enquiries may be directed in writing to:
Bane NOR

Teknologi - Teknikk - Rullende materiell (ERR)

Postboks 4350

N – 2308 Hamar

Norway

or by use of email to:

kjoretoyteknologi@banenor.no

'''Distribution and revision''' 

The document is available on Bane NOR's web-site: http://www.banenor.no/no/Marked/Leverandorinfo/Teknisk-regelverk

Electronic reading of the document provides the best functionality since all the references are linked. The electronic version is at all times considered the valid version. The document is normally revised annually.

'''References''' 

References in this document are according to the structure shown below. 
{|
|-
|References in “Technical Regulations” || Refer to:
|-
|Chap. 5 || This/Another chapter, this document
|-
|Chap. 5 [JD 5xx] || This/Another chapter, another document
|-
|Appendix 5.a || Appendix, This/Another 	chapter, this document
|-
|Appendix 5.a [JD 5xx] || Appendix, This/Another chapter, another document
|}

== General documentation ==
== Maintenance instructions and requirements ==
=== Maintenance instructions ===
=== The maintenance design justification file ===
== Instructions and documentation for operation ==
=== Instructions for operation in normal and degraded modes of the vehicle ===
== Track-side tests of the complete vehicle ==

= Structure and mechanical parts =
== Vehicle structure ==
=== Strength and integrity ===
=== Load capability ===
==== Load conditions and weighted mass ====
==== Axle load and wheel load ====
For axle load and wheel load, see Chapter 3.2.4 in this document. For axleloads and linear loads in relation to bridge load capacities see Chapter 3. Track interaction and gauging, appendix 3.d.

(Maximum acceptable axle load is dependent on speed and class of superstructure. Permitted speed and axle load versus classes of superstructure is given in [[Overbygning/Prosjektering/Generelle tekniske krav#Overbygningsklasser|Overbygning/Prosjektering/Generelle tekniske krav]].

Lines of superstructure class b, with low traffic load, are under some circumstances permitted an axle load of 22,5 tons for freight trains with maximum speed of 60 km/h. The total traffic load is not to exceed 2 million gross tons (MGT). Out of this total, the maximum traffic load for freight train axle loads larger than 20,5 tons is 1 MGT.)

====Permitted train weight per meter for bridges====
[https://trv.jbv.no/PDF/Infrastrukturens%20egenskaper/590/Vedlegg/T9003d02.pdf Appendix 3.d] specifies the maximum train weight per meter for each railway line. See also Chapter 3.2.4.

=== Joining technology ===
=== Lifting and jacking ===
=== Fixing of devices to car body structure ===
=== Connections used between different parts of the vehicle ===
== Mechanical interfaces for end coupling or inner coupling ==
=== Automatic coupling ===
=== Characteristic of rescue coupling ===
=== Screw couplings ===
=== Buffing, inner coupling and draw gear Components and Buffer marking ===

=== Gangways ===

== Passive safety ==
= Track interaction and gauging =
'''Minimum infrastructure gauge'''

NNRA railway tracks are based on the following standard infrastructure gauges:
*UIC GC
*A-85
*A-96
*A-96T
*A-C

Drawings with dimensions of the infrastructure gauges are shown in [[Underbygning/Prosjektering og bygging/Profiler og minste tverrsnitt#Minste tverrsnitt for tog, nye baner|Underbygning/Prosjektering og bygging/Profiler og minste tverrsnitt, paragraph 2.1]] and [[Underbygning/Prosjektering og bygging/Profiler og minste tverrsnitt#Minste tverrsnitt for tog, eksisterende baner|paragraph 2.2]].

'''Curve overthrows'''

All horizontal dimensions are increased in circular curves, transition curves and on straight line in the vicinity of curves. The size of curve overthrows are based on a theoretical wagon of length 24 m and bogie pivot pitch distance 18 m.

Some locations have reduced space for curve  overthrows based on the following theoretical wagons:

# Axle distance = 13,5 m and overhang = 2,0 m
# Axle distance = 10,0 m and overhang = 3,0 m

'''Lower limit of infrastructure gauge'''

The lower limit of infrastructure gauge is described in [[Underbygning/Prosjektering og bygging/Profiler og minste tverrsnitt#Den nederste begrensning av minste tverrsnitt|Underbygning/Prosjektering og bygging/Profiler og minste tverrsnitt]]. Confer paragraph [[Rolling stock/Characteristics of the infrastructure/Infrastructure#Maximum height of check rail above rail head|Maximum height of check rail above rail head]] as well.

'''Track geometry'''

'''Horizontal curve radius'''

Minimum horizontal curve radius on the main track , excluding the Flåm Line, is 160 m. Minimum horizontal curve radius on the Flåm Line is 130 m. A diagram showing percentage of track versus curve radius is given in <xr id="fig:Track percentage versus curve radius" />. 

Radius in deviations in switches, se [[Rolling stock/Characteristics of the infrastructure/Infrastructure#Minimum curve radius at switches|Minimum curve radius at switches]] 

<figure id="fig:Track percentage versus curve radius">
[[Bilde:JD590 03 fig001.png|thumb|center|600px|<caption>Track percentage versus curve radius</caption>]]
</figure>

'''Nominal track gauge'''

Nominal track gauge is 1435 mm.

'''Minimum length of straight line between reverse curves'''

Buffer locking in subsequent reverse curves with small  radius, is prevented with the specifications in [[Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporets trasé#Bufferoverdekning i S-kurve|Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporets trasé]]

'''Nominal track geometry parameters'''

[[Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporets trasé#Horisontaltrasé|Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporets trasé]] show nominal values of the following basic parameters:

*Maximum cant (superelevation)
*Maximum cant excess
*Maximum cant deficiency
*Maximum rate of change of cant

'''Minimum vertical curve radius'''

Minimum vertical curve radius is 1000 m.

'''Nominal rail inclination'''

Nominal rail inclination is 1:20.

'''Maximum track gradient'''

Maximum gradient of tracks excluding the Flåm Line is 2,7%. On the Flåm Line the maximum gradient is 5,5%.

'''Speed regimes'''

The following speed regimes are used:

'''Normal speed'''

Signed speed result in the following nominal quasi static centrifugal acceleration:  

<figtable id = "tab:quasi static centrifugal acceleration with normal speed">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+<caption>quasi static centrifugal acceleration with normal speed</caption>
! Superstructure class !! Radius of curves [m] !! aq [m/s<sup>2</sup>]
|-
| b ||  || 0,65
|-
| rowspan=3 | c og d || R < 290 || 0,65
|-
| 290 ≤ R ≤ 600 || 0,85
|-
| R > 600 || 0,98
|}
</figtable>

Confer [[Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporets trasé#Største hastighet på grunn av sporets geometri|Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporets trasé]], on further details. 

'''Plus speed'''

Signed speed result in the following nominal quasi static centrifugal  acceleration:

<figtable id = "tab:quasi static centrifugal  acceleration with plus speed">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+<caption>quasi static centrifugal  acceleration with plus speed</caption>
! Superstructure class !! width=200 | aq [m/s<sup>2</sup>]
|-
| b || 0,85
|-
| c og d || 1,05
|}
</figtable>

'''Tilting trains - speed'''

Signed speed based on a maximum quasi static centrifugal acceleration of 1,6 m/s<sup>2</sup>.

'''Limits of discrete geometrical track defects'''

The limits of the following discrete track errors are shown in [[Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Sporjustering og stabilisering]].

*[[Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Sporjustering og stabilisering#Sporvidde|Track gauge]]
*[[Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Sporjustering og stabilisering#Horisontalgeometri|Horisontal track alignment]]
*[[Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Sporjustering og stabilisering#Vertikalgeometri|Vertical track alignment]]
*[[Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Sporjustering og stabilisering#Vertikalgeometri|Twist]]

'''Quality number of track geometry'''

The track geometry is periodically monitored using a Track Recording Vehicle. The test frequency is dependent on the quality class of the track and is given in [https://trv.jbv.no/PDF/Overbygning/532/Vedlegg/T3204B06.pdf Overbygning/Vedlikehold, Appendix 4b ]. Based on these recordings the standard deviation and quality number of the track is calculated. [[Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Sporjustering og stabilisering#Sporets kvalitet|Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Sporjustering og stabilisering]] define the limits of standard deviation and the quality number.

The standard deviation is as a rule calculated on the bases of 200 m or 1000 m length of line.
Standard deviation is calculated for these lengths and with accuracy as shown in <xr id="tab:Calculation of standard deviation" />.

<figtable id = "tab:Calculation of standard deviation">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+<caption>Calculation of standard deviation</caption>
! Parametres !! Wavelength !! Measuring accuracy !! Basis of calculation
|-
| rowspan=3 | Standard deviation of vertical alignment σH || 3 – 25 m || ±0,2 mm || 200 m
|-
| 25 – 70 m || ±0,5 mm || 1000 m
|-
| 70 – 150 m || ±0,5 mm || 1500 m
|-
| rowspan=3 | Standard deviation of horisontal alignment σP || 3 – 25 m || ±0,2 mm || 200 m
|-
| 25 – 70 m || ±0,5 mm || 1000 m
|-
| 70 – 150 m || ±0,5 mm || 1500 m
|-
| rowspan=2 |Standard deviation of superelevation σR ||	3 – 25 m|| ±0,2 mm || 200 m
|-
| 25 – 70 m || ±0,5 mm || 1000 m
|}
</figtable>	
	
The quality number (K-number) indicates for which portion  of a line  all σ-values are within the limits.  It is used to monitor track quality on longer sections of line. The K-number is calculated using the following formula:

<center>
<math>K = \frac{\sum l}{L} \cdot 100 %</math> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1)
</center>

Σl = the sum of all track lengths where standard deviation is within the quality limits.

L = the monitored track length.


Rail profile'''

The following rail profiles exist:
*60E1 (UIC60)
*54E3 (S54)
*54E2 (UIC54E)
*54E1 (UIC54
*49E1 (S49)
*S64
*S41
*NSB40 
*35,7 kg 

[https://trv.jbv.no/PDF/Overbygning/530/Vedlegg/T3006B03.pdf Overbygning/Prosjektering, Appendix 6.b], shows drawings of the rail profiles with dimensions.

<figure id="fig:Distribution of rail profiles – the complete network">
[[Bilde:JD590 03 fig002.png|thumb|center|600px|<caption>Distribution of rail profiles – the complete network</caption>]]
</figure>

'''Limits of rail head wear'''

Limits of rail head wear is specified in [[Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Skinner#Skinneslitasje|Overbygning/Vedlikehold/Skinner]].

'''Rail grades'''

*Standard rail grade is R260Mn [EN 13674-1]

In addition the following rail qualities exist [EN 13674-1]:
*R200
*R320Cr
*R350HT

'''Switches and crossings'''

'''Minimum curve radius at switches'''

Minimum curve radius in deviation in switches is 135 m.

'''Minimum flangeway width'''

Minimum nominal flangeway width in crossings and between check rail/rail is 38 mm.

'''Maximum height of check rail above rail head'''

*Normal nominal height of check rail above rail head is 20 mm.
*Maximum nominal height of check rail above rail head is 60 mm.
*Considering maximum rail wear, the height of check rail above rail head can be up to maximum 70 mm.

'''Fixed nose protection'''

Nominal distance between the guiding edges of the check rail and the running edge of the nose is 1396 mm. Minimum in service  distance between the guiding edges of the check rail and the running edge of the nose is 1392 mm.

'''Minimum permitted distance stock rail – remote laid switch blade'''

Minimum permitted distance between stock rail and remote laid switch blade is 58 mm.


'''Longitudinal creep resistance of the track'''

The longitudinal creep resistance of the track is dependent on the track construction and the ballast consolidation. The following general values may be specified for a non-loaded track.

<figtable id = "tab:General values of creep resistance">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+<caption>General values of creep resistance</caption>
| Concrete sleepers with spring loaded clips || 8 - 12 kN/m rail
|-
| Wooden sleepers with spring loaded clips || 6 - 10 kN/m rail
|-
| Newly adjusted track || 3 - 7 kN/m rail
|}
</figtable>

Generally, the track has sufficient resistance against braking- and acceleration forces if the acceleration/retardation does not exceed 2,5 m/s<sup>2</sup>. At very high axle loads (>25t) and train weights, analysis must be carried out proving that braking- and acceleration forces do not result in rail movements which reduce the safety against lateral movements of the track.


The track’s ability to resist braking forces is based on traditional braking of wheels. Magnetic rail brake shall only be used as an emergency brake.


'''Lateral resistance of the track -  loaded track'''
Lateral resistance of loaded track satisfy generally the following values:

*Locomotives, train sets and passenger wagons:	1,0x(10 + P/3)  [kN]
*Freight wagons:	0,85x(10 + P/3)  [kN]

On some sections of line where the track lacks lateral resistance due to missing ballast shoulder. The following applies:

*For locomotives, train sets and wagons: 0,85x(10 + P/3)  [kN]

P= Vertical static axle load

'''Appendices'''

*[[Rolling stock/Appendix 3.b: Illustration of the wheelset parametres of table 6|Appendix 3.b: Illustration of the wheelset parametres of table 6]]
*[[Rolling stock/Appendix 3.c: Recommended specification for flange-lubrication systems.|Appendix 3.c: Recommended specification for flange-lubrication systems.]]
*[[Rolling stock/Appendix 3.d: Axleloads and linear loads in relation to bridge load capacities|Appendix 3.d: Axleloads and linear loads in relation to bridge load capacities]]
*[[Rolling stock/Appendix 3.e: Wheel diameter in relation to axle load|Appendix 3.e: Wheel diameter in relation to axle load]]

== Vehicle gauge ==
Vehicle gauge for general use NO1 (see Network statement, appendix 3.3.2.1.2,[http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=vedlegg:jbv_no1_-_pren_15273_dynamisk_profil] Bane NOR NO1 - prEN 15273 Dynamic Gauge).
For other extended vehicle gauges (may be used on parts of the network) see Network statement, appendix 3.3.2.1.1[http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=vedlegg:internasjonal_profil] International Loading Gauge and appendix 3.3.2.1.3[http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=vedlegg:multipurpose_profil] Multipurpose Wagon Gauge.

For exeptional transport (spesialtransport) outside predefined gauges, see Network statement, Chapter 4.7.1.[http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=ns2017en:capacity_allocation]

== Vehicle dynamics ==
=== Running safety and dynamics ===
Relevant limit values related to the tracks characteristics, see Chapter 3. Track interaction and gauging of this document.

=== Equivalent conicity ===
Rail profiles used on Norwegian network: [[Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporkonstruksjoner/Vedlegg/Skinneprofiler|Bok 530 Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporkonstruksjoner/Vedlegg/Skinneprofiler]]

=== Wheel profile and limits ===

=== Track loading compatibility parameters ===

====Maximum acceptable dynamic wheel load====
The maximum vertical dynamic wheel load shall not exceed:

#Q<sub>lim</sub>= 90+Q<sub>0</sub>  [kN]

In addition, the following restrictions apply:

<figtable id = "tab:Vertical dynamic wheel load depending on the permissible maximum speed of the vehicle ">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+<caption>Vertical dynamic wheel load depending on the permissible maximum speed of the vehicle</caption>
! Axle load - 2Q<sub>0</sub> (kN) !! Speed (km/h) !! maximum dynamic wheel load (kN)
|-
| rowspan=5 | 2Q<sub>0</sub> ≤ 225 || | ≤ 160 || 200
|-
| 161 - 200 || 190
|-
| 201 - 250 || 180
|-
| 251 - 300 || 170
|-
| > 300 || 160
|-
| 2Q<sub>0</sub> > 225 || ≤ 100 || 210
|-
| Locomotives on "Ofotbanen" <br /> 2Q<sub>0</sub> = 300 || ≤ 60 || 220
|}
</figtable>

Q<sub>lim</sub> = maximum allowed dynamic vertical wheel load.

Q<sub>0</sub> = Static vertical wheel load.

Definitions and test conditions are given in [UIC 518]

====Maximum quasistatic wheel forces====

The maximum quasistatic wheel forces in curves shall not exceed the following values:

#(Q<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = 145 kN for axle load ≤ 225 kN
#(Q<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = 155 kN for axle load > 225 kN
#(Q<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = 160 kN for locomotives on the "Ofotbanen" with axle load = 300 kN

Q<sub>qst</sub> = quasi-static vertical force

Definitions and test conditions are given in [UIC 518]

====Maximimum quasistatic guiding force====
The maximum quasistatic guiding forces in curves shall not exceed the following values:

#(Y<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = 30 + (10500/R<sub>m</sub>) kN for axle load ≤ 225 kN
#(Y<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = 70 kN for axle load > 225 kN
#(Y<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = 80 kN for for locomotives on the "Ofotbanen" with axle load = 300 kN

Y<sub>qst</sub> = quasi-static lateral force

R<sub>m</sub> = mean radius of the track sections retained for the evaluation.

Definitions and test conditions are given in [UIC 518]

====Maximum quasistatic track loading forces====
The maximum quasistatic track loading forces in small curves shall not exceed the following values:

(B<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = 180 kN

(B<sub>qst</sub>)<sub>lim</sub> = Y<sub>qst</sub> + 0,83 • Q<sub>qst</sub> + [a – (30 + 10500/R<sub>m</sub>)]

a = 53,3 for curves with radius 400 m < r ≤ 600 m

a = 67,5 for curves with radius r ≤ 400 m

B<sub>qst</sub>  = quasistatic track loading force

Q<sub>qst</sub> = quasistatic wheel force 

Y<sub>qst</sub>  = quasistatic guiding force 

R<sub>m</sub> = mean radius of the track sections retained for the evaluation

Definitions and test conditions are given in [UIC 518]

=== Minimum horizontal curve radius, vertical concave curve radius, convex curve radius ===
Are to be found here [https://trv.jbv.no/wiki/Overbygning/Prosjektering/Sporets_tras%C3%A9#Vertikalkurver]

== Bogies/running gear ==
=== Bogies ===
=== Wheel set (axle + wheels) ===
=== Wheel ===
====Maximum cavity of wheel tread====
Double flange (“falsk flens” in <xr id="fig:Maximum permitted value of wheel thread cavity" />) resulting from wheel tread cavity (“hulløp”) may cause:

*excessive stress on a reduced contact surface between wheel and rail at the inner edge of the rail head
*the switches to absorb forces from the wheels where they are not supposed to do so and thus create risk of cracks or other kind of damage to the rails or switches. 

Because of this the size of wheel cavity must be limited to maximum 2 mm. (Confer <xr id="fig:Maximum permitted value of wheel thread cavity" />).

<figure id="fig:Maximum permitted value of wheel thread cavity">
[[Bilde:JD590 03 fig004.png|thumb|center|350px|<caption>Maximum permitted value of wheel thread cavity</caption>]]
</figure>

====Maximum axle load dependent of wheel size.====
In order to reduce damages by rolling contact fatigue on the rails, the wheels shall have a minimum diameter in accordance with [https://trv.jbv.no/PDF/Infrastrukturens%20egenskaper/590/Vedlegg/T9003e02.pdf appendix 3.e].

=== Wheel/rail interface (including wheel flange lubrication and sanding) ===
Bane NOR does not have lubrication equipment mounted on the track (there are some exceptions). It is assumed that the rolling stock lubricates the points of contact between the rail edge and the wheel flange in curves. The equipment shall produce a controlled and smooth lubrication film. Recommended guidelines for the lubrication equipment of rolling stock are given in [https://trv.jbv.no/PDF/Infrastrukturens%20egenskaper/590/Vedlegg/T9003c00.pdf appendix 3c].

Unless otherwise agreed with Bane NOR, each train shall lubricate sufficiently to compensate for its own wear of the lubrication film. Necessary amount of lubrication as specified in the <xr id="tab:Necessary amount of lubrication" /> shall be applied as indicated in <xr id="fig:Illustration of where lubrication of flange shall be applied" />.

<figtable id = "tab:Necessary amount of lubrication">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+<caption>Necessary amount of lubrication</caption>
! Axles total in train / lubricated axles !! Type of train !! cm<sup>3</sup> per km
|-
| 12/1 || Multiple units –suburban traffic || 0,150
|-
| 16/1 || Multiple units -  long distance traffic || 0,300
|-
| 31/1 || Passenger trains with locomotive || 0,400
|-
| 70/1 || Freight trains with locomotive || 0,600
|}
</figtable>

<figure id="fig:Illustration of where lubrication of flange shall be applied">
[[Bilde:JD590 03 fig003.png|thumb|center|350px|<caption>Illustration of where lubrication of flange shall be applied</caption>]]
</figure>
 
<xr id="tab:Necessary amount of lubrication" /> and <xr id="fig:Illustration of where lubrication of flange shall be applied" /> are extracts from the report [https://trv.jbv.no/w/images/6/65/Rapport_Skinnesmøring_og_flenssmøring_på_det_statlige_jernbanenett.pdf ”Skinnesmøring og flenssmøring på det statlige jernbanenett” (Lubrication of rail and wheel flange)]. The report was prepared in cooperation with the Norwegian railway undertakings in 2004.

Specified amount of lubrication is derived from previous experience, but with correction in order to assure that every train lubricates sufficiently to compensate for its own wear of the film of lubrication on the rail.

=== Sanding system===

=== Bearings on the wheel set ===

=== Axel shaft ===

===Axel bearing condition monitoring===

== Limit of maximum longitudinal positive and negative acceleration ==

= Braking =
== Functional requirements for braking at train level ==
For allowed train speed dependant on available stopping distances and line gradient in infrastructure are given in: Bane NOR document [http://orv.jbv.no/sjn/doku.php?id=strekningsbeskrivelse:tillegg#oversikt_over_bremseprosent_og_bremsetabeller Strekningsbeskrivelse, Chapter 2.19] (Norwegian only).

== Safety requirements for braking at train level ==
=== Reliability of main brake system functionality===

===Reliability of traction / braking interlocking===


===Reliability of stopping distance===



===Reliability of parking brake===

== Brake system ==
== Brake command ==
=== Emergency braking command ===
=== Service braking command ===
=== Direct braking command ===
=== Dynamic braking command ===
=== Parking braking command ===
== Brake performance ==
=== Emergency braking performance ===

=== Service braking performance ===

=== Calculations related to thermal capacity ===
=== Parking brake performance ===


=== Brake performance calculation ===

== Braking adhesion management ==
=== Limit of wheel rail adhesion profile ===
=== Wheel slide protection system ===
== Braking force production ==
=== Friction brake components ===
==== Brake blocks ====
==== Brake discs ====
==== Brake pads ====

=== Dynamic brake linked to traction ===
=== Magnetic track brake ===
=== Eddy current track brake ===
=== Parking brake ===
== Brake state and fault indication ==
== Brake requirements for rescue purposes ==
= Passenger-related items =
'''Platforms'''

'''Length of platforms'''

The normal length of platforms is specified in [[Overbygning/Prosjektering/Plattformer og spor på stasjoner#Plattformlengde|Overbygning/Prosjektering/Plattformer og spor på stasjoner]].

'''Height of platforms'''

*Normal platform height is 550 mm or 760 mm. (measured perpendicularly on the track plane)
*Some platforms are built at a height of 350 mm.
*Some platforms are built at a height of 700mm.

'''Distance platform edge – centre of track'''

*For platforms on a straight line, the distance between the platform edge and track centre is 1680 mm. 
*For platforms in curves, the distance is calculated in accordance with rules specified in [https://trv.jbv.no/PDF/Overbygning/530/Vedlegg/T3014a02.pdf Overbygning/Plattformer og spor på stasjoner, appendix 14.a].

'''Width of platform'''

[[Overbygning/Prosjektering/Plattformer og spor på stasjoner#Plattformbredde|Overbygning/Prosjektering/Plattformer og spor på stasjoner]] specifies the requirements of platform width.

'''The gradient of the track along the platform'''

New tracks along platforms are normally not constructed with greater gradients than 0.5%. However, there are exceptions on existing tracks.

'''Minimum distance platform edge – continues obstruction on the platform'''

Continuous obstructions on platforms are generally not located closer than 2 m from the platform edge.

== Access ==
=== Exterior doors ===


===  Boarding aids ===

== Interior ==


=== Interior doors ===


=== Intercirculation doors ===


=== Clearways ===


=== Floor height changes ===

=== Interior lighting ===

=== Seats and specific PRM arrangements ===

== Handrails ==

== Windows ==



== Toilets ==

== Heating, ventilation and air condition systems  ==



== Passenger information ==


=== Public address system ===



=== Signs and information ===

= Environmental conditions and aerodynamic effects =

Norwegian topography and climate pose great challenges for railway operations. This will be clear from the text below. It should be noted that several of the long distance railway lines are exposed to varied climatic conditions since they go from regions of typical coastal climate, further through narrow valleys towards high mountain areas and further through valleys ending in regions of somewhat coastal climate. In the winter season, this means from an area with no snow and temperatures above freezing the train may in a short time travel through a landscape of considerable lower temperatures and deep snow.

'''Landslide dangers/Landslide exposed lines'''
For reasons of topography, parts of the railway network are exposed to landslides and avalanches.
Landslides may be categorised as follows:

* Slides of rocks on the line (rockslide/rockfall). 
:Water and ice expansion are the most commonly initiating effects and the phenomenon is most common during the rainy autumn season or during the spring season with changeable mild and cold weather. Rock may fall from the tunnel ceiling, especially in connection with frost expansion.
* Landslides of earth on the line (flood slides/earth slides).
:Earth slides are often triggered during bad weather conditions with large amounts of water, during large precipitation and/or during rapid snow melting.
* Movement/subsidence of the permanent way (clay and silt slides).
:Movement or subsidence of the substructure is occurring due to the lack of stability of the earth masses. This is often due to changing drainage conditions. Heavy rainfalls over a short period of time may result in slides of this type.
* Avalanches and ice slides
:When winds and precipitation result in heavy snow on steep hillsides, there are increasing possibilities of avalanches.
It is primarily in open landscapes without trees that avalanches occur. The railway lines passing through the mountainous regions are particularly exposed. The danger of avalanches is generally low in periods of stable, cold weather, but will rise with increasing winds, snowfalls and temperature. Water that freezes may result in considerable ice masses on steep mountains. When temperature rises during the spring season, such ice masses may fall onto the track. 

The landslide/avalanche activities vary according to seasonal changes. Statistically, the landslide/avalanche activities are lowest in the summer. The danger of rock and earth slides increase during rainy periods in the autumn. However, the statistics show that landslide activities are greatest during snow melting periods in the spring. The snow melting period is characterised by continuous water flooding during the day combined with frost expansion during the night.

The railway lines which are particularly exposed to landslides/avalanches are the Bergensbanen line from Myrdal to Voss, and the Nordlandsbanen line from Grong to Bodø. More detailed description of landslide/avalanche exposed regions is given in the Bane NOR report “Description of landslide/avalanche exposed regions”, published 20.10.98. 

Landslides/avalanches are considered a serious safety risk and it is a Bane NOR goal that the railway line must be free of landslides/avalanches at any time. In the most exposed regions, avalanche detection systems are installed. An overview is given in the [http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=vedlegg:rasutsatte_strekninger], Annexe 3.4.2.3.1.

'''Wild animals/Livestock'''

In the rural regions there are frequent incidents of collisions with animals on the tracks. This may during the summer season consist of livestock like sheep and cows, but primarily moose and reindeers and in particular during the winter season when snow is deep and the animals are tempted by cleared tracks and vegetation close to the line. The frequency of collisions is particularly high on certain railway lines. During 2001; 819 moose and 319 reindeers were killed on Norwegian routes.

Typical weight of an adult moose is 300-600 kg.

'''Lightning''' 

Lightning may occur throughout the country, primarily in the summer season. The intensity is highest in Agder, Telemark and the Eastern region. During the winter season, lightning may occur along the coast from Lindesnes to Finnmark in connection with arrival of cold air above warm sea.

'''Seismic activities''' 

Most earthquakes in Norway occur along the coast and around the Oslo field. About five earthquakes are monitored every year, and mostly measured to below 3 on the Richter scale. Earthquakes, strength below 3 on the Richter scale are not considered detectable by human beings. Earthquakes, strength above 3 on the Richter scale are very rare in Norway. Damage on rolling stock due to earthquakes has not been recorded in Norway.

'''Pollution''' 

'''Salinity'''

The salinity content of the air is highest in the coastal regions. In periods of storm and coastal winds, the salinity content of the air may increase, and it is known that salt on the permanent way in these regions may result in shorts on the track circuits.
 
'''Dust''' 

There is generally little dust in the air along Norwegian railway tracks. Ballast chips are used as ballast and this release little dust. However, some dust may arise during a short period when ballast is fresh and newly deposited. 

'''Ballast'''

The nominal size of ballast chips is 25 to 63 mm on the main track.

'''Vegetation/particles/insects'''

In the summer season there are periods with considerable amount of insects in the air. The intensity is greatest in June/July. In late summer on certain routes there are considerable amount of seeds from plants in the air.
During the season of falling leaves in the fall, there is considerable amount of leaves blowing on to the permanent way. This may result in slippery tracks, which may reduce the ability of heavy trains to climb gradients, and makes it difficult to restart after stopping. Reference is made to [http://www.banenor.no/no/Marked/Informasjon-for-togselskapa/Network-Statement-2011/ Network Statement], Annex 3.2.2.4 showing an overview of gradients. Improved adhesion is achieved using sanding equipment on the locomotives. 

Bane NOR flush the tracks by means of water on the most exposed routes.

'''Sand'''

Sand as part of the landscape is in Norway mainly covered by vegetation. Therefore sand is not regarded as a problem to the railway operations in Norway.

== Impact of the environment on the vehicle ==
=== Environmental conditions impacting on the vehicle ===
==== Altitude ====

Norway is a hilly/mountainous country and altitude varies considerably on Norwegian railway lines. Most railway lines are classified as A2 in accordance with EN 50125-1, i.e. as high as 1000m. above sea level. The Bergen Line has a long stretch where altitude is more than 1000m. This defines parts of the Bergen Line in class A1 (as high as 1400m) in accordance with EN 50125-1.

==== Temperature ====

Norway is a country with large temperature variations throughout the year. Norwegian railway lines extend from regions with typical maritime climate with moderate differences between winter and summer temperatures to inland regions with cold winters and periods of high summer temperature. This is where we measure high and low temperature records of the country. In some of these regions, the temperature can be expected to go below -40 degree C and as high as 35 degrees C in the summer. This defines Norwegian railway lines in class T2 (from -40 to +35 degrees C.) according to EN 50125-1.

In [https://trv.jbv.no/w/images/4/40/Appendix6a.pdf appendix 6a] is shown where and which months low temperatures in intervals of ''t'' < -25 C, ''t'' < -30 C and ''t'' < -35 C most probably will exist along railway lines in Norway. The overview is based on meteorological data collected from 20 monitoring stations in the vicinity of the railway line.

==== Humidity ====

Humidity of free air along the Norwegian railway lines is probably within the norms/guidelines in EN 50125-1 Chap. 4.4, a yearly average of less than 75% relative humidity, 30 days throughout the year between 75% and 95% relative humidity and certain days between 95% and 100% relative humidity.

It should be noted that the maximum absolute humidity in tunnels of 30g/m3 in accordance with this standard, never will be reached since air temperatures in Norwegian tunnels will not reach such high values.

In long Norwegian tunnels, the combination of high relative humidity and low temperatures outside the tunnel during the winter may result in condensation/frost on the cold surfaces of the train when it enters the tunnel. However, temperature gradients of more than 3 degree K/s and temperature variations of more than 40 degree K, ref. EN 50125-1, hardly occur.

==== Rain ====

The yearly precipitation shown large geographical variation. In coastal areas in the west and the north there are more than 2000 mm rain during the year, in many places. However, the rain intensity in those areas is not as high as experienced inland during the summer. A rain intensity of 6mm/min. as mentioned in the EN 50125-1, p. 4.6, is relevant for Norwegian situations, as a maximum.

==== Snow, ice and hail ====

In the winter season, precipitation is in the form of snow in all parts of the country. However, there exist large geographical snow variations and variation of snow covered periods. In the southern and westerly coastal areas, snow is normally infrequent and the snow covered periods are normally not continuous throughout the winter season. Inland areas, where temperatures are low, there are normally moderate snow, while the snow covered period is long. In high mountain passes there are considerable amounts of snow and the snow arrive early and last until late spring. In addition there are considerable wind on these routes, which result in hard packed snow.

'''Snow consistence'''<br />
Fresh snow is fine grained, with low specific weight. It is lower at lower temperatures. Typical specific weight of fresh snow is 0,1 g/cm3. Later on, the grain size and the specific weight increase. This process accelerates with higher temperatures. Old, wet snow may have a specific weight of 0,8-0,9 g/cm3. Strong winds result in drifting snow. The snow grains are ground and the snow is more tightly packed, resulting in increased specific weight. During this process the snow crystals freeze, resulting in very compact snowdrifts.

Fresh snow is easily blown by passing trains and may stick to the running gear and under floor equipment of the wagons and the locomotive. During these conditions considerable amounts of snow can be attached to the bogies and, as a possible consequence, resulting in blocking of springs and reduced brake efficiency. 

Wet or frozen snow will not be blown during train passage like fresh fine grained snow does. 

In this connection it must be noted that snowdrifts of high density and very special consistence may occur on the Jærbanen line. Heavy snow mixed with sand and salt from the sea, may result in very compact snowdrifts. As a consequence derailing have occurred.

Snow in Norway will cover all categories mentioned above.

'''Snow removal'''<br />
Railways in Norway have long tradition with snowploughs on locomotives and train sets. It is expected that the trains to a great extent clears the snow off the track. 

On station- and shunting areas Bane NOR removes the snow according to specified procedures. Also on open line Bane NOR clears the tracks when needed during heavy snowfall. However, it may take some time to clear the snow and for this reason snow depth may at times be considerable greater than the limit that initiates snow removal. High mountain routes may in a few cases be closed due to deep snow and strong winds.

In accordance with the local variations in winter temperatures, the yearly amount of frost vary from almost an insignificant level at certain places to (- 35000 – 40000) h degree C in inland regions. This results in frost in the ground. Uneven subsistence/upheavals (frost upheaval) of the track may result in more track faults than normal, in periods with lengthy frost in places with insufficient frost prevention.

==== Solar radiation ====

The radiation from the sun is in Norway never higher than 1120 W/m2. This is the specified value in accordance with EN 50125-1 p. 4.9. The daily duration of sun radiation is longer than 8 hours (specified in the above EN) in the middle of the summer, in many regions of Norway.

==== Chemical and particulate matter ====
=== Aerodynamic effects on the vehicle ===
==== Crosswind effects ====

As guidelines of maximum wind speeds in Norway, EN 50125-1 chap. 4.5.1 is appropriate. A maximum wind speed of 35 m/s is possible, 50 m/s in exceptional cases.

Generally the highest wind speeds occur in open areas near the sea and on the high mountain routes.

Confer NS 3491-4 Table A.1 that shows an overview of reference wind speeds in Norwegian Counties. The reference wind speed is defined as the average wind speed in 10 minutes, 10 m. above an assumed flat landscape according to terrain category II (defined in the standard) in a wide area. According to the table, the reference wind speed vary between 22 and 31 m/s.

==== Maximum pressure variation in tunnels ====
== Impact of the vehicle on the environment ==
=== Exhaust emissions ===
==== Toilet emissions ====
==== Exhaust gas emissions ====



==== Chemical and particulate emission ====

=== Limits for noise emissions ===
==== Stationary noise impact ====
==== Starting noise impact ====
==== Pass-by noise impact ====
=== Limits for aerodynamic loads impact ===
==== Head pressure pulses ====
==== Aerodynamic impact on passengers/materials on the platform ====
==== Aerodynamic impact on track workers ====
==== Ballast pick-up and projection onto neighbouring property ====

= External warning, marking functions and software integrity requirements =
== Integrity of software employed for safety-related functions ==
== Visual and audible vehicle identification and warning functions ==
=== Vehicle marking ===
=== External lights ===
==== Headlights ====
==== Marker lights ====
==== Tail lights ====
==== Lamp controls ====
=== Warning horn ===
=== Brackets ===
= Onboard power supply and control systems =


'''Traction power supply'''

For information about and requirements to rolling stock regarding traction power supply, see common Norwegian-Swedish document NES TS02 [[Appendix d Requirements on rolling stock in Norway and Sweden regarding EMC with the electrical infrastructure and coordination with the power supply and other vehicles]] in appendix d. This document also includes requirements regarding verification and documentation.

Appendix 4.a is a form that may be used for collection of required input data for power system studies and simulations.

'''Train pre-heating installations'''

Bane NOR offers three different systems for connecting rolling stock to stationary pre-heating facilities. 

For information about and requirements to rolling stock regarding train pre-heating installations, see common Norwegian-Swedish document NES TS02 [[Appendix d Requirements on rolling stock in Norway and Sweden regarding EMC with the electrical infrastructure and coordination with the power supply and other vehicles]] in appendix d particularly section 4.3.14 "P14: Train pre-heating systems". This document also includes requirements regarding verification and documentation.

For more information about the systems and geographic location of connection points see [http://www.comitato.com/V2/HD_RC.pdf Network Statement section 5.4.3.1.]

'''Catenary'''

For information about and requirements to rolling stock regarding catenary, see appendix e, [[Appendix e Approval of new trains. Pantographs and pantograph-overhead contact line interaction]], are also in force. Appendix e also includes requirements regarding verification and documentation.

'''Appendices'''

: [https://trv.jbv.no/w/images/c/c3/T9004a02.pdf Appendix a Required vehicle information for power system studies and simulations]
: [[Rolling stock/Supplementary information and regulations/Appendix/Examples of converter unit response to changes in the catenary load|Appendix b Examples of converter unit response to changes in the catenary load]]
: [[Rolling stock/Supplementary information and regulations/Appendix/Description of simulation model|Appendix c Description of simulation model]]
: [[Rolling stock/Supplementary information and regulations/Appendix/Requirements on rolling stock in Norway and Sweden regarding EMC with the electrical infrastructure and coordination with the power supply and other vehicles|Appendix d Requirements on rolling stock in Norway and Sweden regarding EMC with the electrical infrastructure and coordination with the power supply and other vehicles]]
: [[Rolling stock/Supplementary information and regulations/Appendix/Approval of new trains. Pantographs and pantograph-overhead contact line interaction|Appendix e Approval of new trains. Pantographs and pantograph-overhead contact line interaction]]

== Traction performance requirements ==
== Functional and technical specification related to the interface between the vehicle and the energy subsystem ==
=== Functional and technical specification related to the electric power supply ===
As a temporarily solution supplementary information and regulation for power supply is found in [[Appendix d Requirements on rolling stock in Norway and Sweden regarding EMC with the electrical infrastructure and coordination with the power supply and other vehicles]]. The specification includes information about the different chapters below in this section together with guidelines for testing of the different requirements. For [[#Harmonic characteristics and related over-voltages on the overhead contact line]] the specification contains the requirements as a part of the compatibility prosess. For the other chapters, the valid requirements are found in the Annex to the Railway Vehicle Regulations.

==== Power supply ====
==== Voltage and frequency of overhead contact line power supply ====
==== Energy recuperation ====
Information about classification of railway lines regarding energy recuperation (regenerative braking) is given in [http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=vedlegg:elektrifiserte_linjer] Annex 1 Chapter 3.3.2.6.

==== Maximum power and maximum current that is permissible to draw from the overhead contact line ====
Information about classification of railway lines regarding maximum current that is permissible to draw from the overhead contact line is given in [http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=vedlegg:elektrifiserte_linjer] Annex 1 Chapter 3.3.2.6.

==== Power factor ====

<xr id="fig:capacitiveimpact" /> shows the impact on the line voltage power factors within the tolerances of {{standard|NEK EN 50388:2012}} Annex E in traction has for the following cases:
* A train consuming 450 A when moving from 0 to 60 km on a single-side fed line.
* A train consuming 700 A when moving from 0 to 80 km on a double-side fed line of 80 km.

Specific line impedance is (0.21+j0.21) [Ohm/km] and voltage sources are assumed to have 16500 V output voltage and equal voltage phase angle. Reduction of maximum current as function of low line voltage is not taken into account.

<figure id="fig:capacitiveimpact">
[[Bilde:Capacitive_impact.png|thumb|center|800px|<caption>Impact power factor (ind = inductive and cap=capacitive) on line voltage </caption>]]
</figure>

{{standard|NEK EN 50388:2012}} Annex E Note 2 states that ''even if the inductive power factor is allowed to decrease feely according to {{standard|NEK EN 50388:2012}} Clause 6 in order to keep the voltage within limits, it is desired that the power factor is not inductive (below 0.95) when the voltage goes below normal feeding voltage''. Normal feeding voltage in Norway is 16.5 kV. If this recommendation is not followed, the increased power system losses due to reactive power flow may be charged the to railway undertaker.

==== System energy disturbances ====
===== Harmonic characteristics and related over-voltages on the overhead contact line =====
The following requirements are still valid as a part of the compatibility study to be performed:
* P3: Line voltage distortion (chapter 4.3.3.2)
* P8: Low frequency power oscillations (chapter 4.3.8.2)
* P9: Electrical resonance stability (chapter 4.3.9.2)
* P10: Current harmonics (chapter 4.3.10.2)

===== Effects of DC content in AC supply =====
==== Electrical protection ====
Energizing of the network is performed with line test via test resistor or an electronic device as described in {{standard|NEK EN 50388:2012}} Clause 11.3.2.

=== Pantograph functional and design parameters ===
==== Pantograph overall design ====
==== Pantograph head geometry ====
See Chapter 8 Onboard power supply and control systems, [[Appendix e Approval of new trains. Pantographs and pantograph-overhead contact line interaction|Appendix e.]]

==== Pantograph contact force (including dynamic behaviour and aerodynamic effects) ====
==== Working range of pantographs ====
==== Current capacity including contact strips====

==== Arrangement of pantographs ====
==== Insulation of pantograph from the vehicle ====
==== Pantograph lowering ====
==== Running through phase separation sections ====
Neutral sections (A.C. phase separation sections) are arranged at:
*most feeding points/stations – normally unenergized and floating
*most switching posts – normally unenergized and floating 
*all coupling posts – normally energized if network is interconnected, otherwise unenergized and floating
*all series capacitances – normally unenergized and floating, (series capacitances exists only in Norway)

Temporarily sectioning of overhead contact line network is necessary in order to do maintenance and is consequently a frequent mode of operation. In case of short circuit in a railway line, or special operation of the utility grid, sectioning of the network is also used.

Infrastructure is not equipped with automatic information about neutral sections. Information about the state of the neutral sections is given to driver by optical signals along the line, see {{Togframføringsforskriften|kapittel=9|paragraf=35}} and {{Togframføringsforskriften|kapittel=9|paragraf=36}}. Manual on board operation is hence permitted.

=== Contact strip functional and design parameters ===
==== Contact strip geometry ====
See Network statement, Annex 3.3.2.6 [http://networkstatement.jbv.no/doku.php?id=vedlegg:elektrifiserte_linjer] Electrified Line.

==== Contact strip material ====
==== Contact strip assessment ====
==== Detection of contact strip breakage ====
== Electrical power supply and traction system ==
=== Energy consumption measurement ===
For vehicles that will operate in several geographical price and/or network areas on the national rail network, the energy measurement system shall be equipped with a location function according to TSI LOC&PAS 4.2.8.2.8. Alternatively will Bane NOR charge the energy based on key figures of consumption and regeneration per gross tonn kilometer according to [https://trv.jbv.no/energiavregning/ Bane NORs standardvilkår for avregning av 16 2/3 Hz energi].

=== Requirement for electrical installation on-board of a railway vehicle ===

=== High voltage components ===
=== Earthing ===
== Electromagnetic compatibility ==
=== Electromagnetic compatibility within the onboard electrical power supply and control system ===
=== Electromagnetic compatibility with other vehicles and with the trackside part of the railway system ===

Trains have to comply with the requirements in ERA/ERTMS/033281.

====Track circuits====

TS 50238-2 applies.

Train detection based on track circuits of the following types: 
* Conventional
** Insulated rail joints
** Frequency 95/105 Hz
* DC track circuits
** Insulated rail joints
* FTGS 
** Jointless track circuit separation
** Frequency 4,7 – 16,5 kHz
* TI 21 (EBI Track 200)
** Jointless track circuit separation
** Frequency 1,5 – 2,6 kHz

====Maximum Electro-Magneticfields/Induced voltage====
=====Maximum Electro-Magneticfields/Induced voltage in the track/under the vehicle=====
=====Maximum Electro-Magneticfields/Induced voltage outside the track=====

==== Vehicle entrance impedance ====

====Psophometric current====
====Transverse voltage limits for compatibility voice/data circuits====
====Axle counter systems====
TS 50238-3 applies. 

Types of axle counter systems listed in TS 50238-3, Annex A which are currently used in Norway:
* ZP 30 H
* Zp 30 K 
* ZP 43 E
* ZP D 43
* WSD Sys 1
* WSD Sys 2
* ELS-95

Further axle counter systems are expected to be installed.  These may be of other types.

=== Electromagnetic compatibility with the environment ===
Broad band interference limits (limit values are additional to other specified limitvalues for the same frequencies)
* 92 Hz - 300 Hz, current shall be measured and documented.
* 300 Hz - 7 kHz, max 1 A RMS continously 1 sec.
* 7 kHz - 9 kHz, max 0,5 A RMS continously 1 sec.
* > 9 kHz, max 0,33 A RMS continously 1 sec.

Calculation method:
FFT with 8 1/3 hz resolution (120 ms time window) followed by 1 sec moving RMS along the time axis of each FFT bin. The limit value applies per FFT bin.



====Maximum Electro-Magnetic Fields====

====Induced interference current voltage====

====Psophometric current====

== Protection against electrical hazards including earthing ==

== Diesel and other thermal traction system requirements ==
== Systems requiring special monitoring and protection measures ==
=== Tanks and pipe systems for flammable liquids ===
=== Pressure vessel systems/pressure equipment ===
=== Steam boiler installations ===
=== Technical systems in potentially explosive atmospheres ===
=== Hydraulic/pneumatic supply and control systems ===

= Staff facilities, interfaces and environment =
== Driver’s cab design ==
=== Cab design ===
=== Access to driver’s cab ===
==== Access, egress and doors ====
==== Driver’s cab emergency exits ====
=== Windscreen in driver’s cab ===
==== Mechanical characteristics ====
==== Optical characteristics ====
==== Equipment ====
==== Front visibility ====


=== Desk ergonomics ===

=== Driver's seat ===

== Health and safety ==
=== Environmental conditions ===
==== Heating, ventilation and air condition systems in driver cabs ====
==== Noise in driver cabs ====
==== Lighting in driver cabs ====
=== Other Health and safety requirements ===

== Driver/machine interface ==
=== Speed indication ===

=== Driver display unit and screens ===

=== Controls and indicators ===

=== Driver supervision ===
=== Rear and side view ===
== Marking and labelling in driver cabs ==
== Equipment and other facilities onboard for staff ==
=== Facilities onboard for staff ===
==== Staff access for coupling/uncoupling ====
==== External steps and handrails for shunting staff ====
==== Storage facilities for use by staff ====
=== Staff and freight access doors ===
=== Onboard tools and portable equipment ===
=== Audible communication system ===
== Recording device ==
== Remotecontrol function from the ground ==

= Fire safety and evacuation =
== Fire protection concept and protection measures ==

== Emergency ==
=== Passenger emergency exits ===
=== Rescue services’ information, equipment and access ===
=== Passenger alarm ===
=== Emergency lighting ===
== Emergency running capabillities ==

= Maintenance =
== Train cleaning facilities ==
== Train maintenance and service facilities ==
=== Waste water disposal systems ===
=== Water supply system ===
=== Further supply facilities ===
=== Interface to refuelling equipment for non-electric rolling stock ===

= Onboard control command and signalling =

Information concerning use of GSM-R is available in Norwegian on the web-site www.jernbaneverket.no, menu choices “Marked” and then “GSM-R mobiltjenester”.  Some of the information is also available in English. Menu choices “English” and then “Market” and finally “GSM-R mobile services”. 

'''Operational communication systems''' 

'''TTS system''' 

The train telegram system (TTS) is an electronic messaging system that is used to transmit particular messages for the train operations, i.e. message about delays, cancellations, extra trains, line breaks or power cuts, track work etc. The system is constructed according to the CCITT X.400 recommendations, with some adaptations to Bane NOR’s requirements.  Due to these adaptations the TTS-system cannot exchange messages with external users.

The TTS-system may convey orders that apply to the train operations, but it will not be able to control the local interlocking systems. The TTS-system is defined as a secondary safety system. The TTS-system has not been safety validated. 

The TTS-system requires no installation on the rolling stock, but rolling stock shall be constructed in such a way that disembarking and embarking along the line and on platforms is possible for drivers.
4.2 Shunting radio
The STR-network (shunting radio) is mainly designed for shunting personnel who work within the area of a railway station.

Communications are initiated on the main channel between the driver and the operational panel in the railway station via a duplex connection. The Shunting personnel have portable radios that permit half duplex transmit-receive connection. 

'''EMC''' 

All type of radio telephones and ATC that are installed in vehicles, shall comply with the existing requirements that The Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority specify for such equipment to be used in Norway. The equipment shall comply with EMC-directive (89/336/EØF) and must be CE-marked. Rolling stock is assumed in accordance with EN 50121. Deviations may upon closer evaluation be acceptable in certain cases. Compliance with EN 50121 is the basis for new constructions and up grading of the infrastructure.

When new rolling stock shall be tested and approved, telecommunication personnel must be present to verify possible interference on the Bane NOR telecommunication systems. 

Psophometric electrical noise in the contact wire, generated by a train, shall not exceed 1,5A.

== Onboard radio system ==
=== Non-GSM-R radio system ===
=== GSM-R compliant radio system ===
==== Use of hand portables as cab mobile radio ====
==== Other GSM-R requirements ====

== Onboard signalling ==
=== National onboard signalling systems ===
The national class B system is Ebicab 700.
==== Documentation requirements of ATC - installation on rolling stock ====

To be documented for each installation:

# Version of system/software approved by system manufacturer
# Installation performed by workshop approved by system manufacturer
# Correct version of system manufacturer’s components used
# Installation documentation plan corresponding with manufacturer’s installation manual.
# List of persons approved by system manufacturer to:
#* Approve installation documentation plan
#* Install the system
#* Control/approve the installation
# Installation test protocol signed by person approved by system manufacturer
# Risk analyses of changes (if relevant) with regards to ATC’s influence on the basic safety functions of rolling stock.
# Result from operational test performed in accordance with JBV’s (Bane NOR’s) test protocol and signed by person approved by system supplier.

=== Requirements for STM ===
Requirements in the documents STM FRS and STM general technical requirements specification are the national requirements for the equipment in order to facilitate compatibility between Class A equipment and existing installation of class B. 

The documents are available [https://www.sjt.no/jernbane/tillatelser/kjoretoy/stm-regelverk/ here].

The STM equipment supplier shall implement the functions specified in the STM requirements and perform verification and validation of the STM according to CENELEC EN 50126. In addition, relevance of operational needs and safety in the Norwegian Class B railway network must be verified with risk analysis.


'''Testing of a STM Generic Product on Norwegian ATC Class B Infrastructure'''

Before a STM generic product (GP) can be accepted and approved for use on the Class B railway infrastructure in Norway by the National Safety Authority (Statens jernbanetilsynet (SJT)), a successful compatibility test of a STM GP shall be performed on Norwegian ATC Infrastructure. Any later release/version of a STM that in an earlier version was approved for use on Norwegian ATC Infrastructure shall go through a new approval process with SJT as well as undergo compatibility testing.

The applicant shall develop a test plan, test procedures and carry out compatibility testing of the STM on Norwegian Class B ATC infrastructure. The test plan shall specify which sections of the Norwegian railway infrastructure that the compatibility testing shall be carried out on as well as describe safety provisions for the testing. The railway lines used for testing shall include all configurations of balises, both DATC and FATC, found in the Norwegian Class B ATC infrastructure. A test plan on Norwegian railway infrastructure that includes a test route including the “Hovedbanen”, “Gardermobanen” and “Kongsvingerbanen” will test all Class B ATC configurations.

The applicant shall create a test report with the results of the STM- ATC infrastructure compatibility testing. The test report shall include observations, indications displayed on the DMI, and possible failures and discrepancies observed during the compatibility testing. If failures or discrepancies are detected, the compatibility testing shall be repeated after the STM is modified or repaired. 


'''Testing of a STM Specific Product for a type of Rolling Stock'''

First time installation of approved ETCS/STM equipment in rolling stock (specific application) shall be installed and tested according to a process and description developed by the supplier. In addition, the verification and validation shall cover relevant environmental and technical infrastructure compatibility requirements specified by Bane NOR for each application.


'''Testing of a STM Specific Product for other individuals of a type of Rolling Stock'''

Further installations of the approved ETCS/STM equipment in rolling stock of the same type shall be verified and validated according to a process and description developed by the equipment supplier. The results of the testing shall confirm that each rolling stock individual has identical properties to the first individual of a rolling stock type already approved for a STM specific application installation.

=== Transitions  ===
See Chapter 12.2.1 above.

=== Compatibility of rolling stock with CCS-Trackside ===
==== Relation between axle distance and wheel diameter ====
==== Minimum wheel diameter ====

==== Metal and inductive components free space around wheels ====

====Metal mass of a veichle ====
====Compatibility between CCS-railway infrastructure====

=== ETCS cab signalling system ===
==== Level crossing functionality ====
==== Braking safety margins ====
==== Reliability — Availability — Safety requirements ====
==== Safety requirements ====
==== Ergonomic aspects of the DMI ====

==== Interface with service brake ====

==== Specification of ETCS variables ====
==== Spesification of condition of use where ETCS onboard does not implement all functions, interfaces and performance ====

= Specific operational requirements =
== Specific items to place onboard ==
== Ferry transport ==

== Lifting diagram and instructions for rescue ==

'''NNRA obligation to re-establish normal traffic'''

Extract from (in English): Regulations on the Allocation of Railway Infrastructure Capacity and the Levying of Charges for the Use of the National Railway Network (Allocation Regulations) 

“''Section 9-2	Special measures in the event of disturbance''

In the event of disturbance to train movements caused by technical failure or accident, the infrastructure manager must take all necessary steps to restore the normal situation.
In an emergency and if absolutely necessary on account of a breakdown, the infrastructure manager may require the party who has been allocated infrastructure capacity to make available to him the resources which he considers are the most appropriate to restore the normal situation as soon as possible.”

'''Preconditions for rolling stock'''

In order prepare for an efficient line clearance activity Bane NOR assumes rolling stock to comply with the specification below unless another specification is agreed with Bane NOR in advance.

'''Possibility of connection to another rolling stock'''

Bane NOR  assumes that:
* rolling stock in random end can be connected to another vehicle equipped with standard UIC coupling and haul or be hauled, as far as otherwise possible also push or be pushed, with the connection. 
* all additional equipment necessary  to do such a coupling in one random end shall always be available in the rolling stock. 
* coupling to another rolling stock can be done relatively quickly at a random location without help from more than one person in addition to the normal staff on the train.
* the coupling with some margin for jerking has capacity for the maximum tractive effort of the rolling stock.    
* at least one of the train crew have necessary skills to do the coupling, prepare vehicle for haulage and forward information about the vehicle relevant for the haulage or give information of where this information in English and/or Norwegian text is stored on the train. 

It is also assumed as a general rule that the rolling stock has automatic UIC train brake which can be connected together with the mechanical coupling. 

Dispensation from this requirement will depend on:
* probability and consequence of a technical problem when assessed together with the planned use (location, kind of activity and duration)
* whether the technical construction of the rolling stock and the coupling together with the described procedure make sufficiently safe hauling in order to clear the railway line  possible. 

Haulage without active brakes in the last vehicle of the train presupposes dispensation given by the traffic controller (confer the regulation Forskrift 4. desember 2001 nr. 1335). 

'''Information necessary in order to plan line clearance activity''' 

Necessary information in order to undertake track clearance activity as re-railing and hauling of rolling stock is assumed always to be available at the rolling stock either as labels on the vehicle(s) or as readily understandable manuals in each vehicle.

This requirement does not apply to information which is obvious or can be assumed to be common knowledge for those who do the specific tasks.
 
'''Rolling stock suitability as rescue vehicle''' 

In order to prepare organising of line clearance activity Bane NOR collect relevant information during the initial compatibility study for each class of rolling stock.

= Freight-related items =
== Design, operation and maintenance constraints for the transport of dangerous goods ==
== Specific facilities for the transport of freight ==
== Doors and loading facilities ==