Kontaktledning/Kontaktledningsbrytere
Innhold
- 1 Purpose
- 2 Scope
- 3 Function
- 4 Requirements
- 4.1 a) System data
- 4.2 b) Normal and special service conditions
- 4.3 c) Electrical characteristics of the switching device
- 4.3.1 Number of poles
- 4.3.2 Installation
- 4.3.3 Rated voltage UNe
- 4.3.4 Rated insulation level UNi
- 4.3.5 Rated frequency fr
- 4.3.6 Rated normal current Ir
- 4.3.7 Rated short time withstand current Ik, Rated peak withstand current Ip, and Rated duration of short-circuit tk
- 4.3.8 Rated making current Ima
- 4.3.9 Rated static and dynamic terminal loading
- 4.3.10 Use of rigid or flexible conductors
- 4.3.11 Mounting conditions and HV connections
- 4.3.12 Requirements for the insulators
- 4.3.13 Type and classification of switching device
- 4.4 d) Characteristics of the operating mechanism and associated equipment
- 4.5 e) Use of compressed gases
- 4.6 f) Requirements regarding tests
- 5 Interface between operating mechanism and switching device
- 6 Mounting
- 7 Documentation
1 Purpose
This technical specification states Bane NOR's requirements to switching devices (disconnectors, switch-disconnectors, earthing switches) and associated equipment for application in the Norwegian national rail network.
2 Scope
This specification is created for use in frame agreements.
Switching devices for application in the overhead contact line network shall be manufactured, tested and delivered in accordance with this technical specification.
This technical specification covers delivery of:
- switching devices including operating mechanisms and operating links,
- switching devices excluding operating mechanisms, for installation with existing operating mechanisms,
- operating mechanisms excluding switching devices, for installation with existing switching devices, and
- operating links.
The switching devices covered by this specification are:
- disconnectors,
- switch-disconnectors,
- earthing switches,
- two-position switching devices, and
- three-position switching devices
It is estimated that the main volume of deliveries will be switch-disconnectors and to some extent disconnectors, while the volume of earthing switches and two-position switches will be low. Three-position switches are currently not in use, but may be applicable at a later stage of the contract period.
Due to varying service conditions depending on installation sites, the Supplier may suggest to define classes of delivery facilitating various service conditions, for example: inside/outside tunnels; short circuit levels.
3 Function
The functions of a disconnector in the contact line system are:
- to provide sufficient current-carrying capability for load current and short-circuit current in the closed position, and
- to provide safe isolating distance in the open position.
The functions of a switch-disconnector in the contact line system are the functions of a disconnector and in addition:
- to interrupt load current,
- to provide the ability of disconnecting contact line sections from an energized state, and
- to provide the ability of energizing contact line sections including connected loads, taking into consideration:
- transformer inrush, and
- the possibility that a short circuit may have occurred on the contact line section to be energized.
The functions of an earthing switch in the contact line system are:
- to provide sufficient isolation in the open position,
- to sufficient current-carrying capability for short-circuit current in the closed position, and
- to provide the ability to close with energized primary side in accordance with the specified electrical endurance class of the earthing switch.
The functions of a two-position switching device and a three-position switching device in the contact line system are the combined function of a switch-disconnector and an earthing switch with the following positions:
- closed position,
- open position (three-position switches only), and
- open position with one side earthed
4 Requirements
The switching device and associated equipment shall be designed, manufactured and tested in accordance with EN 50152-2.
The points a) through f) below specify parameters for the switching device in accordance with EN 50152-2:2012 clause 10.
4.1 a) System data
4.1.1 Nominal voltage
15 kV phase-neutral, as specified in EN 50163.
4.1.2 Nominal frequency
16.7 Hz, as specified in EN 50163.
4.1.3 Number of phases
- 1 for conventional system
- 2 for autotransformer system
4.2 b) Normal and special service conditions
Service conditions shall be in accordance with EN 62271-1:2008 Clause 2.1.2 (outdoors) with the following user specification:
- Minimum ambient air temperature outdoors: -40°C.
- Ice coating: at least 10 mm shall be considered.
Special service conditions are:
- If wind speed occurs above the standardized level up to 50 m/s (gust), this shall not cause permanent damage to the equipment.
- Optional altitude up to 1250 m shall be available on request.
- Vibration due to passing trains shall be considered, for switching devices mounted on contact line masts.
- Pressure/suction from passing trains, with train speed up to 250 km/h shall be considered.
- For equipment mounted at servicing level in free air 3 m to the side of the track centre, calculated pressure/suction in the track transverse direction is ±0.80 kN/m2.
Inside tunnels, service conditions are different. EN 50125-2 gives guidance on service conditions inside tunnels.
- Excessive dust may occur. Cleaning may be specified by the supplier, but cleaning intervals shall be expected to be several years.
- No solar radiation, rain, or wind in the transverse direction.
- Ambient air temperature close to tunnel portals is equal to outside temperatures; inside the tunnel air temperature varies mainly in the range 5 - 20 °C.
- Pressure/suction from passing trains, with train speed up to 250 km/h shall be considered.
- Calculated maximum pressure/suction in tunnel longitudinal direction: ±2.5 kN/m2.
- Calculated maximum npressure/suction in tunnel transverse direction: ±0.35 kN/m2.
4.3 c) Electrical characteristics of the switching device
4.3.1 Number of poles
1 pole and 2 poles shall be available.
For some earthing switches, 3 poles are also applicable.
4.3.2 Installation
Outdoor
4.3.3 Rated voltage UNe
UNe = 17.25 kV phase-neutral in accordance with EN 50152-2.
Note: 2 x 17.25 kV phase-phase for multi-pole configuration.
4.3.4 Rated insulation level UNi
Minimum values for UNi are:
- 125 kV (common value)
- 145 kV (across isolating distance)
in accordance with EN 50152-2.
4.3.5 Rated frequency fr
fr = 16.7 Hz in accordance with EN 50152-2
4.3.6 Rated normal current Ir
Minimum value for Ir is 1250 A
4.3.7 Rated short time withstand current Ik, Rated peak withstand current Ip, and Rated duration of short-circuit tk
The minimum short circuit current for a switching device shall be defined by the defined short circuit class of the network in which it is to be installed (to be defined when ordering).
The network is defined with the following short circuit classes.
| Class Ik kA |
Ip kA (p) | Ik0.1 kA tk = 0.1 s |
|---|---|---|
| 31.5 | 69.0 | 37.8 |
| 25 | 54.8 | 30.0 |
| 20 | 43.8 | 24.0 |
| 16.0 | 35.0 | 19.2 |
| 12.5 | 27.4 | 15.0 |
Substation protective devices guarantee clearance of high short circuit currents within 0.1 s. Ik0.1 is the calculated maximum thermal current for 0.1 s including transients. Much smaller short circuit currents may have a duration up to 0.3 s before being cleared.
It is estimated that only a limited number of the classes 31.5 kA and 20 kA devices will be needed.
4.3.8 Rated making current Ima
Only applicable for switch-disconnectors.
It shall be possible to use switch-disconnectors for energizing contact line sections with and without an autotransformer. This gives the following characteristic making currents:
- autotransformer inrush current, peak current up to 3 kA is expected to occur for a large proportion of making operations (estimated 10 - 50%)
- making towards short circuit, making current equal to peak short circuit current Ip. This is expected to happen no more than 3 times during the lifetime of the device.
The Customer is aware that the requirement of making towards short circuit may be a cost driver, and that the requirement may lead to increased maintenance. This is not desired. The Supplier should propose alternative ways of handling this:
- The Supplier can propose an alternative offer with capability of making towards short circuit only for the lowest short circuit levels.
- The Supplier can propose a risk assessment approach instead of increasing Ima to the specified levels.
- The overall functional requirement will be that after making towards one short circut the switch shall stay closed and feed the short circuit so that the substation protective devices will trip.
- Operative and maintenance procedures after making towards a short circuit shall be specified by the Supplier.
4.3.9 Rated static and dynamic terminal loading
Not specified
4.3.10 Use of rigid or flexible conductors
Not specified
4.3.11 Mounting conditions and HV connections
Refer to Clause Mounting
4.3.12 Requirements for the insulators
Shall be in accordance with EN 50124-1 for the rated voltage, with the following classes:
- Free air: "unfavourable conditions"
- Tunnels: "extremely unfavourable conditions"
4.3.13 Type and classification of switching device
| Switching device | Classification |
|---|---|
| Disconnectors |
|
| Switch-disconnectors |
|
| Earthing switces |
|
| Two-position devices |
|
| Three-position devices |
|
4.4 d) Characteristics of the operating mechanism and associated equipment
4.4.1 Method of operation
Method of operation shall be electrical.
Standard interface:
- Rated voltage Ua: 230 V AC +10/-15% (EN 62271-1)
- Rated frequency fa: 50 Hz
- Normal maximum current: 2.5 A
- Maximum current during heavy load (ice): A 4 A slow fuse shall not activate
Alternative interface: Electrical interface on 230 V 16.7 Hz fed from the contact line system may be requested for specific projects. In this case the following interface specification applies:
- The enclosure shall be equipped with a battery with storage capacity of at least 24 h with one switching operation in the start and one in the end of the period. Project specific adjustments to the battery storage capacity may be applicable.
- Voltage variation will be 230 V +10 / -35 % (depending on train traffic).
- A battery charger fed by 230 V AC 16.7 Hz shall be included. The system should be designed with a long charging time after each switching operation in order to limit the charging current.
- It shall be possible to connect external batteries and/or chargers from external power sources to the battery terminals.
4.4.2 Local operation
Local 3-position selector mounted inside the enclosure of the operating mechanism: Remote, Local, Off (Labelled in Norwegian: "Fjern", "Lokal", "Av")
- Remote: The switching device can only be operated remotely, local operation is blocked.
- Local: The switching device can only be operated by local push-buttons, remote operation is blocked.
- Off: Electrical operation is blocked. Only manual operation is allowed.
Local electrical operation shall be facilitated by means of two push-buttons: Open and Close (Labelled in Norwegian: "Åpne", "Lukk")
Local manual operation shall be facilitated in accordance with EN 50152-2.
4.4.3 Number and type of auxiliary contacts for remote operation and auxiliary power
General:
Remote control is realized by means of an external RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) which may control several switching devices and other pieces of equipment. There exist one normal set-up (1) and one alternative set-up (2). The alternative set-up (2) is an older set-up and is specified for backwards compatibility. The alternative set-up (2) is expected to be relevant only in very few cases.
In addition to these two set-ups the Customer is considering a revision of the interface for future projects, with the aim of reducing need for cables. Two possiblities are being considered (3 and 4). The Supplier should indicate whether these interfaces may be available if requested by the Customer.
All electrical connections for auxiliary supply and remote control shall be available on terminal blocks inside the enclosure.
1 - Normal set-up:
Connection to RTU via one cable with 7 conductors.
Power supply and command contacts:
- Common neutral connection
- Power supply connection (always energized)
- Command "Open"
- Command "Close"
Command connections carry pulses of power supply voltage with a duration of 1 – 2 seconds. Alternative signalling voltages may be requested for specific projects.
Indication contacts:
- Indication Common
- Indication "Open"
- Indication "Close"
Potential-free contacts, 230 V AC or 24 V AC or DC. Load current: up to 0,5 A. The contacts shall be closed in the end position.
2 - Alternative setup:
Connection to RTU via one cable with 6 conductors. It shall be possible for the customer to convert this unit to the ordinary set-up with 230 V AC power supply in a relatively simple manner, for example by means of jumpers or by disconnecting and removing apparatus.
Power supply and command contacts:
- Common neutral connection
- Command "Open"
- Command "Close"
A command will switch 230 V AC supply to the relevant command input, and switch 230 V AC supply off from the other command input. Power supply shall be delivered via the command inputs. Both supplies may be energized or de-energized in the mid-position (during switch-over). The command input will normally stay energized after the switching operation has succeeded.
Indication contacts - equal to set-up 1:
- Indication Common
- Indication "Open"
- Indication "Close"
Potential-free contacts, 230 V AC or 24 V AC or DC. Load current: up to 0,5 A. The contacts shall be closed in the end position.
3 - Remote control via communications cable (fiber optic or ethernet) on IEC 60870-5-104
Power supply contacts:
- Neutral connection
- Power supply connection (always energized)
Remote control connection for fibre cable or cat 5 ethernet cable with at least the following signals:
- Command "Open"
- Command "Close"
- Indication "Open"
- Indication "Close"
Additional communication or signals may be suggested by the supplier.
4 - Remote control on wireless link with GPRS via GSM-R system
Power supply contacts:
- Neutral connection
- Power supply connection (always energized)
Remote control on wireless link on GPRS
- Command "Open"
- Command "Close"
- Indication "Open"
- Indication "Close"
4.4.4 Enclosure
The enclosure shall be designed according to EN 50152-2.
The front door of the enclosure shall be hinged. It shall be possible to lock the front door with a padlock. It shall be possible to inspect the position of the operating mechanism without opening the front door, primarily by means of an inspection window.
The enclosure shall be protected against ingress of rain water. The opening for the operating link shall be water tight.
The enclosure shall be protected against condensation. If this is achieved by means of a heating element, the element shall be self-regulating with respect to humidity and temperature. Requirements to heating elements according to EN 62271-1 apply.
4.4.5 Earthing and bonding
When mounted to a metallic mast, the enclosure is bonded through the fixing.
All enclosures shall be equipped with an M12 bolt for connecting the enclosure to an external bonding, for use when mounted on non-metallic masts.
An insulated terminal for connecting the PE conductor of the incoming low voltage supply shall be fitted inside the enclosure.
4.5 e) Use of compressed gases
Not relevant
4.6 f) Requirements regarding tests
Testing shall be done in accordance with EN 50152-2. Documentation from routine tests shall be part of each delivery. The customer shall be given the opportunity of witnessing routine tests of at least one unit.
5 Interface between operating mechanism and switching device
Where the delivery is a combined switching device including operating mechanism, the Supplier is responsible for the interface and the compatibility between the switching device and the operating mechanism, including the operating link. EN 50152-2:2012 Clause 6.2 applies. The Customer prefers that a specification which is compatible with existing operating mechanisms be applied (see below), but will accept other values for the mechanical interface if the Supplier demonstrates a real (economical or practical) benefit.
Where the delivery is an operating mechanism for fitting with an existing switching device, the operating mechanism shall be compatible with the existing mehanical specification of the switching device.
Where the delivery is a switching device for fitting with an existing operating mechanism, the switching device shall be compatible with the existing mehanical specification of the operating mechanism.
If necessary, the operating link shall also be changed when changing either switching device or operating mechanism.
Mechanical specification of existing interface:
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Nominal switching force (close/open) | 3 300 N |
| Minimum switching force at 15% voltage drop (close/open) | 3 000 N |
| Maximum switching force at rated voltage (close/open) | 4 100 N |
| Vertical travelling distance | 120 mm fine-tuning shall be possible |
| Rotational angle, if applicable | 180° |
| Maximum operating time between end-positions | 2 seconds |
6 Mounting
Necessary brackets for mounting on masts shall be part of the delivery. The type of mast and mounting shall be specified by the customer at placement of order.
| Mast type | Mounting |
|---|---|
| Girder steel masts |
Mast drawings:
Standard mounting shall be on brackets as shown in EH-011903-000 in top or side of mast. |
| Lattice steel masts |
Mast drawings:
Standard mounting shall be on brackets as shown in EH-011903-000 in top or side of mast. |
| Wooden masts Concrete masts |
Standard brackets switching devices:
Standard bracket for operating mechanism:
|
7 Documentation
Documentation shall be delivered in accordance with EN 50152-2.
Guidance concerning disassembly and end-of-life procedures as described in EN 62271-1:2008 Clause 12 shall be given in the instruction manual.
The operating instructions and the maintenance instructions shall be available in Norwegian (other parts of the documentation are accepted in English).
A 3d model of the switching device shall be part of the delivery. The file format shall be STEP or STEP-XML in accordance with ISO 10303. The model shall as a minimum include the outer physical dimensions and weight of the device.
Type test certificates shall be available on request.
