Overbygning/Sporstoppere
Innhold
1 Scope
This specification sets out objective requirements to the supplier for construction, production, control and deliveries of energy absorbing buffer stops in accordance with requirements and expectations of Bane NOR. The purpose of buffer stops is to safely stop an overrunning train, preventing serious damage to the infrastructure and with minimal injury to passengers and staff.
This specification applies to new and reconfigured existing buffer stops for passenger and freight trains.
2 General requirements
2.1 Energy absorption principle
The energy from a train impact shall be absorbed from one of the following principles:
- Friction braking force. - These buffer stops can be used in locations where there is sufficient distance for gradual braking of trains as the friction shoes enable buffer stops to slide along the rails.
- Hydraulic buffers. - These buffer stops dissipate the energy after a collision through the hydraulic arms that move in the direction of the train’s travel and gradually slow down to a stop.
- Combination of friction braking and hydraulic buffers. - These buffer stops can be installed to reduce the overall braking distance for the buffer stop. The initial impact of the train after collision is taken by hydraulic arms. Residual energy is transferred to the buffer frame and then friction shoes which bring the train to a stop.
2.2 Environmental conditions
- The buffer stop shall be designed to operate in rail temperature range from -35 0C to + 55 0C
- The buffer stop shall be designed to operate i outdoor conditions.
2.3 Reliability, availability and maintainability
- Aspects for the maintainability of the buffer stop shall be considered during the design phase. This should include inspection, repair and replacement of components and subsystems.
- Materials and finishes should be chosen to minimise maintenance.
- The buffer stop shall have a design life of at least 40 years
- The buffer stop shall be able to withstand the impact of a train with design mass and impact speed without any damage to main structural elements.
- The buffer stop design should enable it to remain operational following an impact, by non-specialised staff and without the need for complex mechanisms or tools.
2.4 Buffer and coupler compatibility
2.4.1 Buffer stops for passenger trains
- The buffer stop shall be designed to accomodate contact from trains with buffers according to EN 15551.
- Vertical distance from top of rail to center point of buffer: 1000 mm
- Horizontal centre distance between side buffers: 1750 mm
- The buffer stop shall be designed to accomodate contact from centre coupler according to EN 16019 with a vertical height of 1020 to 1040 mm above the top of the rail.
2.4.2 Buffer stops for non-passenger trains
- The buffer stop shall be designed to accomodate contact from trains with buffers according to EN 15551.
- Vertical distance from top of rail to center point of buffer: 1000 mm
- Horizontal centre distance between side buffers: 1750 mm
2.5 Track construction compatibility
The buffer stop shall be designed to be mounted on the following track construction:
- Nominal track gauge: 1435mm
- Rail inclination: 1:20
- Sleeper spacing: 600mm c-c
- Continiously welded rails
- Tangent track
- Reinforcement with extra pair of rails if needed
- rail profiles according to EN 13674-1:
- 60E1
- 54E3
- 49E1
3 Design parameters for passenger buffer stops
3.1 Train mass and speed
The buffer stops shall be designed to absorb the energy from impact of trains with the combinattion of mass and impact speed according to table 1.
| Type | Train mass (ton) | Impact speed (km/h) |
|---|---|---|
| A | 100 | 15 |
| B | 200 | 15 |
| C | 500 | 15 |
In specific cases, a higher design impact speed might be required.
3.2 Maximum reaction force
The reaction force from the buffer stop shall not exceed 1500 kN
3.3 Maximum deceleration
The maximum deceleration shall not exceed 1,5 m/s2, when maximum impact speed and train mass are taken into account.
3.4 Braking distance
The braking distance is defined as the distance which is required in order to ensure the gradual stopping of a train which collides with a buffer stop.
- The braking distance shall not exceed 12 meter.
4 Design parameters for non-passenger buffer stops
4.1 Train mass and speed
The buffer stops shall be designed to absorb the energy from impact of trains with the combinattion of mass and impact speed according to table 2.
| Type | Train mass (ton) | Impact speed (km/h) |
|---|---|---|
| D | 100 | 10 |
| E | 200 | 10 |
| F | 500 | 10 |
| G | 1000 | 10 |
| H | 1500 | 10 |
In specific cases, a higher design impact speed might be required.
4.2 Maximum reaction force
The reaction force from the buffer stop shall not exceed 1500 kN
4.3 Maximum deceleration
The maximum deceleration shall not exceed 10 m/s2, when maximun impact speed and train mass are taken into account.
4.4 Braking distance
The braking distance is defined as the distance which is required in order to ensure the gradual stopping of a train which collides with a buffer stop.
- The braking distance shall not exceed 12 meter.
5 Materials
- Approved construction materials for main structural elements are steel and concrete.
- All steel elements, and parts shall be protected from corrosion with use of suitable coating or use of stainless steel
6 Identification
The identification shall permit traceability to production records. Every buffer stop shall be encoded by:
- the sign of the manufacturer;
- the year of manufacturing;
7 Production testing and acceptance
- Prior to start of manufacturing, a quality plan shall be provided to Bane NOR.
- The quality plan shall give the frequency of testing and actions to be taken in case of defects being found.
8 Documentation
Prior to delivery, the following documents shall be supplied by the manufacturer:
- Design calculations for the buffer stop
- A drawing of the buffer stop, including a part list
- Assembly and installation manual
- Resetting procedure
- Maintenance manual
- Material certificates
- Protective coating specification
Records from production testing shall be supplied from the manufacturer upon request.
9 References
- EN 15551 - Railway Applications - Railway Rolling Stock - Buffers
- EN 16019 - Railway Applications - Automatic Coupler - Performance requirements, specific interface geometry and test method.
- EN 13674-1 Railway Applications - Track - Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
